How the Created by Field Identifies Torrent Software
This article explains how the “created by” field inside a
.torrent file functions as an informational metadata tag
that identifies the specific software application and version used to
author the file. It explores the underlying Bencoded dictionary
structure of torrent files, details how BitTorrent clients write and
parse this specific string, and examines why this field is an optional,
modifiable identifier that exists outside the core cryptographic
data.
The Structure of Torrent Files and Bencoding
Every .torrent file is a structured container encoded
using a serialization format known as Bencoding. Bencoding supports four
basic data types: integers, byte strings, lists, and dictionaries
(key-value maps).
At the root level of a .torrent file sits a master
dictionary containing several standard keys defined by the BitTorrent
specification (BEP 0003), such as announce,
info, and optionally creation date and
created by.
How the “created by” Field Operates
When a user creates a new torrent using a client or command-line
utility (such as qBittorrent, Transmission, or mktorrent), the
application automatically injects a top-level key named
created by into the root dictionary.
The value associated with this key is a standard Bencoded text string containing the application’s identifier. The format typically includes the application name followed by the version number.
For example, in raw Bencoded format, the key-value pair appears like this:
10:created by18:qBittorrent v4.6.0
In this raw representation: * 10:created by defines a
string key with a length of 10 characters (created by). *
18:qBittorrent v4.6.0 defines the corresponding string
value with a length of 18 characters
(qBittorrent v4.6.0).
How Software Reads the Identifier
When any BitTorrent client, torrent parser, or indexing service opens
a .torrent file, it performs the following steps to
identify the generating software:
- Decoding: The parser reads the raw binary data and decodes the root Bencoded dictionary into memory.
- Key Lookup: The software searches the top-level
keys for the string
created by. - Extraction: If present, the parser reads the string value directly and displays it in the user interface under the torrent’s general metadata or properties panel.
Significance Outside the Info Hash
The created by field resides in the root dictionary, not
inside the info dictionary.
The info dictionary contains the critical file data,
piece lengths, and SHA-1 hashes used to verify data integrity and
generate the unique Info Hash identifier of the torrent. Because
created by is located outside the info
dictionary, modifying, removing, or spoofing the created by
string will not alter the torrent’s Info Hash or disrupt peer-to-peer
downloading.
Reliability and Customization
According to the official BitTorrent specification, the
created by field is entirely optional. Some software tools
allow users to leave the field blank for privacy or replace it with
custom text, such as a website URL or organization name. Consequently,
while the field generally provides an accurate indicator of the
authoring client, it is purely descriptive metadata and cannot be used
as an immutable cryptographic proof of origin.